Interesting Bolt driver today who told me how much he admired Britain for Brexit. When I asked him whether joining the European Union had done Romania more good than harm, he was quite sure that it had done Romania far more harm than good. Foreign companies have eaten up the Romanian market. He blames most of the world's problems on America and Israel, which he considers are the same country now. He blamed Zelensky who he thinks takes cocaine for the Russian invasion of Ukraine and said, as an actor, he is completely unprepared to be a politician. The people behind this war are the defence companies. Romanians with good jobs mostly think very differently although you get some free thinkers among them. I forgot to ask him what he thought about Calin Georgescu or the sovereignists or about Putin. I know some Romanians admire Putin but I don't. His attack on Ukraine was worse than a crime it was a blunder, like the American attack on Iran. But both attacks were crimes, to whit mass murder.
A Political Refugee From The Global Village
An Englishman in love with Bucharest's blowsy charms
Monday, 12 October 2026
The very compromised Romanian judges who cancelled the 2024 presidential election
The European Union could insist that, like in Moldova and Albania, external auditors audit the personal wealth of Romanian judges but they won't do this. Romanian judges are not like the judges of 25 years ago: submissive to external pressure . They will declare that this is an assault on judicial independence which, of course, it would be
The PSD would insist that if the European Union does anything to attack the independence of the Romanian judiciary it will enable the far right to come to power, which it would.
The website Recorder that caused all the embarrassment, to use a very weak word for it, for the Romanian judges by broadcasting a documentary in which very courageous judges spoke out about the widespread corruption among their colleagues is in a very vulnerable position.
It's true that because it is crowd-funded it isn't answerable to rich donors. But it only takes one judge to award damages of, let's say, €2 million to some politician who claims to have been defamed by the website for the website to go out of business.
Please bear in mind that the Romanian court that annulled the first round of the presidential election in November 2024 (which the peace/anti Nato candidate Calin Georgescu won) is part of the same corrupt web that the Recorder documentary cast light on.
The European Union very characteristically says nothing about this because they wanted Georgescu to be removed from the scene. Rather as they say nothing about Israeli war crimes, while quite properly condemning the much fewer Russian war crimes.
The European Union is an undemocratic, corrupt, and largely useless institution but unfortunately it will be with us for a very long time. In Romania it does at least provide checks and balances on the appalling Romanian system of government.
Low though the European Union is, the Romanian political and judicial systems are much lower.
Sunday, 11 October 2026
Things that every reasonably well informed person already knows
"The United States is everywhere in retreat." Chas Freeman
"Had it not been for Boris Johnson and Victoria Nuland -- who personally forced Zelensky to reject the deal Ukraine and Russia were about to sign in Istanbul in 2022 -- this horrific war that has killed more than a million and consumed much of Ukraine would have been long over." Glenn Greenwald
"Thousands are held in Israeli torture camps." Headline in Israeli newspaper Ha'aretz
Saturday, 10 October 2026
Romanian baroque
The CDR governments made very important and necessary changes but they ran the economy into the ground and the PSD came back to the dismay of all the nice people in Bucharest.
One of them told me that living under the PSD was like living under an army of occupation.
The analogy was a good one. The PSD looted the country with arrogance and made little attempt to hide their depredations.
It was the occupation that began after the war with the liberation, which was no liberation, by the Russians, but the PSD were no longer communists.
In 2003 I said to a lawyer who was sleeping with many of the leading figures in the PSD and consequently was unusually well informed that the party was a form of organized crime, to which she replied accurately enough, "No, it's not, it's disorganised crime."
I used to follow politics very attentively, read the newspaper carefully, found out as much as I could, and knew a lot of stuff. Then my interest moved to other things: Brexit, Donald Trump, the Middle East.
Recently I woke up from what seems like a long sleep. I feel like a Rip Van Winkle who's awakened to see how things have changed in 20 years. And how have they changed? They've changed enormously and yet they haven't changed at all.
The rich men 20 or 25 years ago were slightly absurd figures, badly dressed with dangerously sexy wives. Husbands and wives alike fitted the definition of nouveaux riches: expensively cheap.
Now they're much more sophisticated and they eat microscopic amounts of food at cool venues like Loft. They visit Monaco regularly.
25 years ago the judges were easily bribed but I was told that a call from the Victoria Palace (in other words the seat of the Prime Minister) always overrode any bribe, however large. The judges, in the time of the PDSR, were subordinate to the politicians.
Now the judges seem to be a power centre of their own. There is a very clear link between the judges and the PSD even when the PSD is in opposition, as it is for the time being since it pulled out of the coalition at the behest of Kimberly Guilfoyle, but the judges do not take orders as they used to do from politicians.
The judges are shameless in a way they weren't 25 years ago, when hypocrisy was a tribute that vice paid to virtue. They complain about politicians who seek to curtail their independence. This is the approved language of the European Union again, which takes the place of the old limba de lemn or wooden language that Communists used to speak.
Lia Savonea, the President of the High Court of Cassation and Justice, which is the supreme court, is the best case in point.
Honest judges complain about trial rigging and the European Chief Prosecutor, who is a Romanian, backs them but Lia is untouched and untouchable. She is the state.
She dismisses accusations of corruption as inventions of centre-right politicians.
Meanwhile she acquitted a notorious alleged underworld figure who faced a 7-year sentence for robbery while she and her husband did a real estate deal with the defendant's uncle
25 years ago judges would issue nonsensical decisions. Criminal files would simply disappear.
In 2014 Romania introduced a new criminal code. In 2018 the Constitutional Court ruled that Article 155 was not clear about which acts reset the clock and postponed the operation of the statute of limitations and therefore was null.
For four years the Romanian Parliament did nothing about it.
In 2022 the Constitutional Court ruled that there were no grounds for interrupting the statute of limitations during those four years. In effect it ruled that the clock had been ticking silently since the date of the alleged crime.
Nearly 10,000 criminal cases, indictments, and active convictions vanished. All sorts of high-profile people received a get-out-of-jail-free card, like in Monopoly.
This epitaph in an English churchyard comes to mind: "I wasted time and now doth time waste me."
The solution clearly is to abolish the statute of limitations and to replace the judges with new judges. Neither of these two things is going to happen.
It is not true that nothing can be done because it has been done in Albania and Moldova. In these countries a hostile takeover of the judiciary took place in which auditors from abroad investigated the wealth of the judges and very many were thrown out.
But Albania and Moldova have the advantage over Romania that they're not in the European Union and want to get in and have therefore to do their best to impress Brussels.
Compliance is the name of the game and instead of civil servants being men in crumpled crimplene suits making $100 officially from their salary we have better though still badly paid people who speak the language that the European Union likes and, like rabbits illuminated by car headlights, are absolutely terrified of being accused of corruption.
As ever in Romania, it's baroque: the triumph of form over substance.
I was told that after the PSD left office in 2004 and the so-called centre-right took power, bribery became much less in the civil service. People still wanted bribes but they were frightened of receiving them and they didn't intend to do anything without a bribe so nothing got done.
In fact as we now know, although it wasn't necessarily apparent at the time, the old system carried on, but in a diminished form, under the centre-right government.
It is difficult to say whether Romania has gained more or lost more from being in the European Union. Probably, on balance, it has lost more because the free movement of people has meant millions of Romanians have left Romania to be replaced, in the case of workers, by badly paid third-world immigrants.
Undoubtedly living standards have risen a lot since Romania joined the European Union and to some extent it's because of European Union subsidies and investments. But prices rose enormously and foreign companies ate the Romanian market.
The investments tend to favour certain groups, particularly, of course, the rich, but also the university graduates in the cities, and a very large amount of the European money is stolen in clever ways.
The PSD have become very much more sophisticated. Their children are educated at Ivy League universities.
As G.K. Chesterton pointed out, there are two kinds of cynicism: the cynicism of the young which is unattractive and the cynicism of the old of which he approved. Employing the latter is a very useful exercise.
I am an Englishman who left as Tony Blair started and looking at Romanian corruption from an English pre-Blair point of view it seems terribly shocking but if I were a Frenchman or an Italian, it would not. Nor from an American point of view.
The most interesting aspect of the Kimberly Guilfoyle scandal - the latest development - is that she asked for €100,000 to give access to the Trump White House. How very, very Romanian it seems, say Romanians disappointedly. In fact Romanians are less amateur than Kimberly, who accepts cards.
Thursday, 8 October 2026
The decline of the American Empire
Marco Rubio complains that Iran spends money on weapons rather than on building roads, even though the U.S. does the same.
“Every dollar and every penny that that regime gets, they don’t spend it on roads or bridges or helping improve the lives of the Iranian people. They spend that money on Hezbollah and Hamas and militias that fire rockets out of Iraq and the Houthis. They should have spent their money on their people, and instead they spend their money on terrorism and on weapons."
Since the United States has threatened to bomb Iran into the Stone Age, weapons are something Iran needs, I'd say.
Unlike Iran the USA uses its weapons on the other side of the world, not to defend itself or even its interests. The US launched, without any provocation, the present war with Iran. The Israelis who persuaded the US to do this hoped it would lead to the splitting up of Iran altogether yet little Marco complains that Iran wastes money on weapons.
In 2016 he described Donald Trump as a con artist and a serious threat to the United States and he has been proven right but these things are now equally true of Marco Rubio. More importantly, both men are serious threats to the world.
Meanwhile here's Brian Berletic.
"And in case there is any doubt, the US admits 100s of its advisers are involved in facilitating the war on Yemen, which is obvious even without the admission as Saudi Arabia itself lacks the capabilities to wage such a war.
"It is a US war in all but name.
"The US is an over-extended empire increasingly draining its own proxies to compensate for its own growing limitations.
"This recent development is just another symptom of this process."
Events these days are reminiscent of the late Roman empire. The Battle of Adrianople 378 comes to mind, when the barbarians learnt how to defeat the Roman infantry square and the world changed forever. Compare that with drones.
Persia will never be destroyed. Persia is a constant which has seen the founding of all the states in the world, the Roman Empire, the Athenian republic, even China. I think she will outlive Israel and quite possibly the United States.
Marx said, "History repeats itself: first as tragedy, then as farce." The current world situation seems to be a mixture of the two. A tragedy in Gaza, Lebanon and Ukraine, a farce in the Persian Gulf.
Wednesday, 7 October 2026
10% of Romanian judges are said to be corrupt, but more of the very senior ones. Lia Savonea, "absolute ruler of the court system", is married to a man who declares a minimal income but has made millions in real estate.
"The ongoing fallout from investigative reports exposing systemic networks of elite magistrates—who use administrative reassignments to intentionally delay top-tier corruption trials past their statutes of limitations—continues to plague Bucharest. Public distrust in the independent judiciary remains at a staggering 70%." News item today.
It is staggering that 30% of Romanians do not express distrust in the judiciary.
It is deeply shocking.
I was speaking yesterday to a very senior competition lawyer who told me that if she no longer believed that the Romanian justice system did justice she would stop being a lawyer.
It showed a very good heart on her part but her faith in the system surprised me. Then again competition law is very much cleaner than other areas of law.
Competition law is something very important to the European Union because it concerns major international companies and it's very carefully scrutinised from Brussels. In competition cases the judges, unlike in most areas of law, are well trained. The room for bribing judges is very small as most of the firms that work in this area are either international firms or very well-known and famous Romanian firms. Cases are very high-profile.
When I came to this country in the 1990s I spent a lot of time talking to lawyers and heard innumerable stories of open, overt corruption. I could say much.
There was a wonderful documentary in December by an outfit called Recorder, which broadcast judges openly talking about the occult influences that were brought to bear on them. (How wonderful a thing the internet is in enabling all sorts of things to be exposed that formerly would have been buried. Let us hope the European Union does not succeed in muzzling it.)
This resulted in a remarkable public scandal where one very brave judge Raluca Moroșanu stood in front of the judges of the Court of Appeal who gathered together to reassure the public on television and to condemn the Recorder report. Without preface and without being invited to speak she accused them of widespread malpractice and talked of rigged trials and systematic retaliation by senior judges against less senior ones who were not biddable.
The judges had been ambushed.
Thousands took to the streets across Romania, demanding the state protect honest judges. President Nicușor Dan bypassed the compromised judicial councils to consult directly with reformists.
Nothing will be done about this in the end.
In England judges can be impeached, although no judge has been impeached since 1680 and he was not removed from office.
Judicial corruption in England isn't prevented by the threat of impeachment, but a sense of honour amongst the elite to which judges belong, even now despite the egalitarian social changes brought about by Tony Blair.
The pre-Communist Romanian elite was very unsatisfactory. But something nobody says is that the worst thing that communism did was to destroy the elites and any sense of noblesse oblige.
Most Romanian lawyers will tell you that some judges, who do not become judges as a result of a career as a lawyer, like in England, but like in France are trained specially to be judges, are venal.
10%, according to one judge speaking to Recorder.
What is fine is for Romanians to complain about this but when a foreigner like me does so people may be unhappy.
Google no longer makes it easy for chance readers to see what's written in blogs so not many people will read this.
Has it occurred to you that we are living in the most interesting period in the world's history?
Johnson, Samuel not Boris, on Charles XII of Sweden’s invasion of Ukraine in 1709, which was then part of Russia, and his defeat.
"He comes, nor want nor cold his course delay;
Hide, blushing Glory, hide Pultowa's day:
The vanquish'd hero leaves his broken bands,
And shows his miseries in distant lands;
Condemn'd a needy supplicant to wait,
While ladies interpose, and slaves debate.
But did not Chance at length her error mend?
Did no subverted empire mark his end?
Did rival monarchs give the fatal wound,
Or hostile millions press him to the ground?
His fall was destin'd to a barren strand
A petty fortress, and a dubious hand;
He left the name at which the world grew pale,
To point a moral, or adorn a tale."
This is a very interesting article by Dominic Sandbrook on Poltava and Putin. I agree with quite a lot of it.
I wrote this very short post four years ago because I love The Vanity of Human Wishes and Dr Johnson. No doubt I intended it as the start to a post I never wrote.
Mr Sandbrook's article still seems to me extremely topical. Do read it.
"Today it’s very common to regard Putin as a kind of anomaly. We think of the Western-dominated, rules-based international system as the norm. The West represents order, and Putin represents disorder. We stand for continuity; he represents change and chaos."
I certainly don't mean that it seems out of date to regard Putin as representing disorder. Very obviously he does. I am not in any way an admirer of Putin or an apologist for the Russian invasion of Ukraine, quite the contrary, but the rules-based order did not exist and it is a phrase that is archaic after the U.S. attacks on Venezuela and Iran and threats to Panama, Cuba and Greenland.
""We knew the story of the international rules-based order was partially false, that the strongest would exempt themselves when convenient, that trade rules were enforced asymmetrically... This fiction was useful, and American hegemony, in particular, helped provide public goods, open sea lanes, a stable financial system, collective security and support for frameworks for resolving disputes."
Tuesday, 6 October 2026
If Europe were Christian
People can't think the way they want to in Iran. They have to think the way they are told to. At least that's what I'm told by one British person who lived in Iran.
We can't think the way we want to think in Europe either. We have to think in terms of equity, diversity, inclusion, feminism, etc. It's a kind of godless religion.
But Iranians do believe in God.
Years and years ago I read somebody say that if countries took Christianity seriously they would resemble, in many ways, Iran.
I guess if Europe was really Christian there'd be no bathing costumes, no mixed colleges or mixed schools and divorces would be considered scandalous.
Divorce is considered nothing at all in Muslim countries of course.
It's a mistake to think that Islam and Catholicism resemble each other except in the sense that they're both hard religions as opposed to soft religions like Anglicanism. Islam resembles Calvinism.
The reason why the Iranian birth rate fell vertiginously and is now one of the lowest in the world is because the government in Iran spent a lot of time and money encouraging birth control in the first years after the Islamic Revolution. They are not like Catholics.
If Europe were genuinely Christian, it would have a very high birth rate.
LNG gangster shakedown
Quotation from the Persian poet Saadi
"However much you study, you cannot know without action. A donkey laden with books is neither an intellectual nor a wise man."
Monday, 5 October 2026
'A little loyal Jewish Ulster'
In 1917, Sir Ronald Storrs, the first British military governor of Jerusalem, said a Jewish homeland in Palestine would give England, he wrote, a "little loyal Jewish Ulster in a sea of potentially hostile Arabism."
In 1922 750 of the fearsome and murderous Black and Tans were sent to Palestine from Ireland after the creation of the Irish Free State by Churchill, then Colonial Secretary, to keep order. This is the beginning of the story we see continuing to unfold now in the Gaza Strip.
My involuntary neighbour
I just realised that Calin Georgescu is in a cell 300 yards from my apartment in an obscure and dimly lit street, placed there not long after Kimberly Guilfoyle overturned the Romanian government. I walk past angry people shouting "Calin Georgescu President of Romania". It remember I am a Jacobite.
It seems to symbolise something, though I am not sure what, about the people who rule the world, whoever they are.
Sunday, 4 October 2026
Compliance and the decline of the West
DEI, compliance and procurement laws exist because they are an uncommonly effective instrument for consolidating market share by big multinationals.
It's an extremely regressive tax and for big multinationals it means lebensraum.
In Romania as throughout the EU the future of compliance is a fully automated, algorithmic regime.
Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) audits are now mandatory for many unlisted firms and are costly. Multinationals handle this without too much trouble. A small, agile supplier in Cluj can't compete.
This is not a new phenomenon but a major historical change. It's the secret of success for example of Philip Morris in Africa 20 years ago in lobbying successfully for more regulation and squeezing out their local competitors.
Philip Morris killed its competitors and is now killing their customers.
With increased automation and increased use of AI, the problem changes exponentially.
Business is a Darwinian world, it always was and must be. What is remarkable is how many people come from nowhere, such as Jeff Bezos of Amazon, and create vastly successful and powerful companies, which then, in turn, may fall apart, as some people think Amazon might.
The most worrying thing, as far as I can see, is that, by excluding nimble small firms from competing and forcing them to work as subcontractors or to live off the largesse of the bigger companies, the room for innovation is moved from small individuals to big organisations.
New companies are constantly needed, and anything that prevents them from growing and making money is bad, not only for the economy but also for the culture of Europe. Anything that stops this happening risks turning Europe into a museum, which, in many respects, it already is.
You might imagine that the defence sector is overwhelmingly dominated by big multinational companies like Lockheed Martin, but in fact a lot of small, originally very tiny companies in Romania have been very effective at producing drones for sale to the Ukrainians, something which the Ukrainians want and which makes money for Romania.
Not having any expert knowledge in this field, my default setting is to believe that state regulation is almost always a bad thing unless it can be proven otherwise. This is the exact opposite of the Napoleonic philosophy that animates the European Union. Margaret Thatcher looks like a historical blip now.
We don't know how long the European Union will last, but it will last for quite a long time. The regulatory superpower will do a lot of harm to a continent which is already in steep relative decline, despite or because of being richer and more comfortable than it ever was in its history.
A tale of two cities: Budapest and Bucharest
Viktor Orban in Hungary was the most interesting European leader of the last 30 years. He created a national business class to resist the foreign takeover of the economy and to enrich himself, his family, his party and his clients.
In Romania, the challenge to the West or pseudo-West took the form of a sudden sovereignist, pro-peace surge, epitomised by the unexpected rise of Calin Georgescu.
Under her new Prime Minister Peter Magyar, Hungary remains trapped in this expensive American embrace.
Saturday, 3 October 2026
My opinion of Vladimir Putin - I am saying this in response to one journalist who insinuated that I was pro-Russian
To support Putin is to make terms with murder, as is supporting Netanyahu or Trump.
This is a cartoon that I liked from 2014, after the Malaysian airline was downed in Ukraine. Russian nationalist Igor Girkin and two others were found guilty in absentia by a Dutch court. He claims to have been responsible for the outbreak of the separatist rebellion in eastern Ukraine in 2014, but Owen Matthews whom I trust says the revolt was in fact orchestrated by Vladimir Putin.
AI saves the world?
I am no expert on AI or on IT in general but I'm very optimistic about AI because I hope it will prevent bad actors (such as the European Union) from trying to police freedom of speech and restrict access to information.
I believe it will present a heaven-sent alternative to the importing of unskilled labourers into Europe and developed countries in general.
Drones even up the playing field and enable smaller countries and smaller forces to withstand the expensive armoury of the United States or Russia.
Technology however is not the decisive factor in wars; in the last resort wars are won by the side which is motivated and no country is more motivated in the world than Iran, which is facing threats of genocidal annihilation from Donald Trump. I wonder how high morale is in Ukraine or in Russia at the moment.
Friday, 2 October 2026
An Englishwoman used the American pejorative term for homosexual 'faggot' in an SMS to her best friend. 10 policemen and one policewoman arrested her in her bath. I wonder if the word bugger gets you arrested. Praising the IRG gets you 14 years.
Thursday, 1 October 2026
Dana Budeanu, the Darwinian influencer who admires rule-breakers, crooks and Kimberly Guilfoyle
Dana Budeanu and her former husband more than 20 years ago revolutionised the Romanian tabloid market with magazines like Ciao and Cancan. They copied the kind of stuff you get in Western papparazzi magazines but she gave the by-lines a very distinctive flavour.
She gave her readers permission to be cruel and sold what I call PSD chic, the glamour of the very rich in the so-called high society where politicians, businessmen, and sometimes the criminal underworld mix with television stars and journalists like her.
From there she grew to be a well-known influencer with strong opinions on politics.
Claud Cockburn famously parsed the popular novels of the interwar years in his book Bestseller! to explain the philosophy that underlay them. Reading Miss Budeanu, her philosophical position is a very interesting one.
It's pure Darwinism and I remember a high-performing and glamorous female psychopath moving in exactly the circles that Miss Budeanu moves in once saying to me that Darwinism really is a religion.
Dana Budeanu is a very clever girl. She knows exactly how to sell the party she supports, the PSD. She doesn't pretend that it's clean or honourable or high-minded or concerned about the poor. On the contrary she just subverts the idea that being clean and honourable and high-minded are admirable qualities. It makes it much easier to defend her favourite politicians and make anyone who disagrees with her look like they are uncool.
So instead of attempting to defend the PSD leaders who are accused of making a deal to the detriment of Romania with Kimberly Guilfoyle over dinner in Bucharest earlier this year, she just takes a completely different tack: one of unabashed admiration for Kimberly herself and contempt for the fact that the Romanian politicians don't know how to play the game as well as she does.
Dana loves power and nobody has more power than the American state.
For her, Kimberly Guilfoyle isn't the absurd figure that she appears in snobbish Anglo-American eyes or the sexist joke that many Romanians think her, but an alpha predator.
"Look at Kimberly Guilfoyle. She walks into a room like a category-five hurricane, backed by the raw power of the Trump network. She doesn't come to negotiate; she comes to dictate terms. Our local Romanian politicians look like terrified, clueless schoolboys holding their little notebooks in front of her. They look like absolute amateurs trying to play chess with a tiger."
That is I'm sure true. It's a case of Greek meets Greeks in Greece, Romania and throughout the Balkans.
"The Trump school of power doesn't care about your diplomatic protocols or whether some fragile local coalition gets its feelings hurt. Kimberly knows exactly how the world works: you show up, you grab the energy deals by the throat, and you move on. Seeing little public commentators try to critique her style is pure comedy—she operates on a planet they will never even see through a telescope."
"Laws, regulations, taxes... you think these were made for the geniuses who move millions overnight? No, darling. They were built to keep the sheep inside the fence.When a truly smart boy bypasses your bureaucracy and skips out on paying tribute to a corrupt state, I don't see a criminal—I see an alpha who refused to be chained by mediocrity."
"You sit there with your calculator screaming about 'tax evasion' while these men are buying yachts in Monte Carlo. They didn’t get rich by filling out forms and waiting for permission. They saw a loophole, they took it, and they created an empire. That is called talent. The rules are just suggestions for those who don’t have the balls to break them."
"Nothing great in this world was ever achieved by being transparent and obeying the speed limit. The 'smart boys' of energy and real estate understand how the game is played. They create their own laws. While you are crying over a receipt, they are changing the financial map over an expensive lunch in Mykonos."
The most beautiful building in Bucharest
I never saw before today quite how beautiful the Telephone Palace in Bucharest is. Notice the Art Deco tracery on either side of the main tower.
The best buildings in Bucharest, apart from a tiny number of 17th- and 18th-century churches, are the Art Deco buildings and of these the Telephone Palace is undoubtedly the best. I also love the 1850s houses behind Piata Sf Gheorghe very much.
The modern world expands
The Marubo tribe in Brazil, an isolated community of 2,000 people living near the Ituí River was very excited to have internet access, thanks to Elon Musk’s Starlink but now tribespeople stare fixedly at their telephones. The tribe or its elders value chastity but now many young tribesmen share porn clips in chat groups.
Starlink has saved lives (from snake bites) and a young tribeswoman dreams of being a dentist in Sao Paolo.
Wednesday, 30 September 2026
Fallen angels
Angels are bright still, though the brightest fell.
MACBETH iv. 3.
The angel choirs of Angelico, with the flames on their white foreheads waving brighter as they move, and the sparkles streaming from their purple wings like the glitter of many suns upon a sounding sea, listening in the pauses of alternate song, for the prolonging of the trumpet-blast, and the answering of psaltery and cymbal, throughout the endless deep, and from all the star shores of heaven.
RUSKIN.
Ah ! not the nectarous poppy lovers use,
Nor daily labour's dull, Lethaean spring.
Oblivion in lost Angels can infuse
Of the soiled glory, and the trailing wing.
MATTHEW ARNOLD